Paleoartistic reconstruction of the probable butchery event. (Damián Voglino/Museo de Ciencias Nat et al. via SWNS)
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Ancient humans performed butchery on an armadillo-like animal 20,000 years ago, according to a study.
Researchers say the cut marks on fossils could be evidence of humans exploiting large mammals in Argentina, and shows South America had humans much earlier than thought.
The timing of early human occupation in the region is a topic of debate, with the discussion hampered by a general scarcity of direct archaeological evidence of early human presence and human-animal interactions.
In the study, researchers present evidence of butchery on Pleistocene mammal fossils from the banks of the Reconquista River, northeast of the Pampean region in Argentina.
The fossils are those of a glyptodont, a giant relative of armadillos, named Neosclerocalyptus.
Statistical analysis finds that cut marks on parts of the pelvis, tail, and body armor are consistent with known marks made by stone tools, and the placement of these marks is consistent with a butchering sequence targeting areas of dense flesh.
Radiocarbon dating indicates these fossils are around 21,000 years old, nearly six thousand years older than other known archaeological evidence in southern South America. These results fit with other recent findings that indicate early human presence in the Americas over 20,000 years ago.
These fossils are also among the oldest evidence of human interaction with large mammals shortly before many of those mammals became extinct. The authors suggest that these findings might be further supported by additional excavation at this site, further analysis of the cut marks, and more extensive radiocarbon dating of the fossils.
Miguel Delgado, the corresponding author, says: “The study’s evidence puts into question the time frame for the first human peopling of the Americas 16,000 years ago.”
Produced in association with SWNS Talker
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